Agendas of the US House of Representatives and Senate

The House of Representatives and the Senate make up the two â€Å"chambers† of the Legislative Branch of the United States federal government. Their daily agendas of legislative business are determined by their presiding officers. In the House of Representatives, the Speaker of the House sets the daily agenda, while the Senate’s legislative calendar is set by the Senate majority leader in consultation with the chairmen and ranking members of the various Senate committees. 116th U.S.Congress, 1st Session Agenda items listed here are those published in the Daily Digest of the Congressional Record. The agendas are subject to change at any time at the discretion of the presiding officers. House Agenda for December 13, 2019:  House will meet in a pro forma session. Note: The rules of suspensions is a shortcut in the legislative process allowing bills with little or no opposition to be grouped together on a Suspensions Calendar and passed en-masse by a voice vote without debate. There is no corresponding rule of suspensions in the Senate. House Roll Call Votes as compiled and reported by the Clerk of the House. Political Makeup of the House 234 Democrats - 197 Republicans - 1 Independents - 3 Vacancies   Senate Agenda for December 13, 2019:  Senate will meet in a pro forma session. Political Makeup of the Senate 53 Republicans - 45 Democrats - 2 Independents Also See: Quick Study Guide to the US CongressWhat is a Pro Forma Session of Congress?The Supermajority Vote in Congress

Machiavellis Idea Of Government Essay - 1514 Words

MACHIAVELLI: THE PRINCE: Themes and Ideas nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During Machiavelli’s time, society was much different than it had been for previous philosophers. Instead of storing up good works, so as to enjoy paradise, as the medieval man did, the Renaissance man was interested in all things, enjoyed life, strove for worldly acclaim and wealth, and had a deep interest in classical civilizations. He was born at a time of conflict within Florence, Italy, between the republican leaders and the family of the Medici’s, of which the Machiavelli’s, especially, had a history of opposition towards. After years of conflict between powers, Machiavelli was exiled from his country. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It was during this exile that†¦show more content†¦He sees no purpose in restraining and controlling oneself for the society because the society will not prosper if the ruler does not. Ruthlessness, maliciousness, and deviousness are all hailed as being acceptable, in fact encouraged, as means of securing position of power. Through his prioritizing, Machiavelli does not seem to be as concerned with the society and the individual as the previous philosophers in history have been. Rather, he sees power as the one and only goal in life, regardless of the individual or the state. Again, though, he is a reflection of his times. The men of the Renaissance era wanted many things--money, power, enjoyment in life--regardless of the moral cost. Others would argue that these superfluities either meant nothing or would not occur without restraining the desires of both ones self and ones state. One needs balance of everything in order to reach the ideals of perfe ction, but Machiavelli would argue that perfection is not real and so is not worth striving for. Instead, one must live for ones self. He makes the generalization of men that: they are ungrateful, fickle, dissembling, anxious to flee danger, and covetous of gain. So long as you promote their advantage, they are all yours. . .and will offer you their blood, their goods, their lives, and their childrenShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Nicolo Machiavelli And Thomas Hobbs1748 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween Nicolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbs There are many philosophers that have different ideals and views on certain subjects and topics. This is often due to the fact that they were alive during certain time periods which were often having problems therefore affecting the philosopher’s views on what is right or wrong. Due to this fact the philosophers Machiavelli and Hobbs had both similar and contrasting ideals on the purpose of the government or kings and the way said government is supposed toRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli s Views On Violence And Violent Actions1687 Words   |  7 PagesSocrates and Machiavelli hold vastly different views on violence and violent actions, the former advocates strongly that it is always better to be harmed rather than to harm while the latter argues that violence is essential, when used correctly, in order to gain and maintain power. These contrasting views on violence both hold merit, yet the question of which view is more corrupting depends strongly on what corruption is defin ed as, and thus, which view fits this definition. Socrates is determinedRead MoreNiccolà ² Machiavellis Acquisition of Power Essay1327 Words   |  6 PagesNiccolà ² Machiavelli is representative of Renaissance thinkers in his perception of government. No longer was government seen as an institution granted by God but rather governments were largely becoming arrangements or contracts between those that govern and the governed. Thinkers from Aristotle to Francis Bacon would expound on this idea of a social contract, but none would exemplify the realism and ruthlessness of modern politics like Machiavelli. While the word Machiavellian has become partRead MoreAre the Political Ideas of Machiavelli Still Relevant in Todays World?827 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Political Ideas of Machiavelli still relevant in Today’s World? Niccolo Machiavelli was born on May 3, 1469 in Florence. Machiavelli was considered one of the most controversial political philosophers of his time. Machiavelli began working in the Florence government at a young age, employed as a clerk and later as an ambassador to the â€Å"Holy Roman Emperor Maximilan, the King of France and Pope Julius II.† Throughout his employment with the government of Florence, Machiavelli began noticingRead MoreSimilarities Between Machiavelli And Hobbes1205 Words   |  5 Pagesinsanity. (Tolkien) While The Lord of the Rings was simply a fantasy, it conveyed a real message about the danger produced when a man is given power. For centuries, men have pondered over ideas similar to this; how much power is too much power? And how much power should a man employ to hold an ideal government? This governmental â€Å"ideal† is what Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince strived to achieve and how Tomas Hobbes’ governmental steps in Th e Leviathan resulted. During the dramatic changes of theRead MoreAdolf Hitler to Machiavellis The Prince1671 Words   |  7 PagesWhen Machiavelli wrote The Prince in the 1500s, his intentions did not apply to the twentieth century. Some very important figures of the twentieth century used basic ideals from The Prince to obtain and maintain their position in power. One of these individuals was Adolf Hitler. Hitler used numerous Machiavellian ideas to win his respective place in Germanys government. The two most important Machiavellian principles that Hitler used were winning the people and how he dealt with cruelty andRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Qualities Of The Prince And Lao Tzu1198 Words   |  5 Pages Government: A Profound Leader Since the being of time, humans have sought out law, or government. Governments have been set in place all throughout the world to try to maintain peace and order. As easy as it sounds, governments can be demolished without the right leader. However, that is the catch, what makes a good leader? Niccolo Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Qualities of the Prince† and Lao-Tzu’s â€Å"Tao-te Ching† gives some ideas on how a leader should control their government. Although Machiavelli’sRead MoreModern Political Theory: Rousseau and Machiavelli Essay962 Words   |  4 Pages Machiavelli and Rousseau, both influential philosophers, were innovators of their time. They represented different ideas on what the state of nature and government should consist of, having both similarities and differences. Their viewpoints evolved from different time periods, which make them unique. Machiavelli, the sixteenth century Italian diplomat expressed, that a Prince should be unethical in achieving power. He argued that to be successful in politics certain qualities were of importanceRead More Analysis of Mores The Prince and Utopia Essay1545 Words   |  7 Pageswith Raphael Nonsenso and his travels to Utopia. Niccolo Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy in 1469 to a middleclass family. The time in which Machiavelli lived Italy as a country was not united but divide and split into little providences and republics. He latter became responsible for the Florentine militia against the Medici government and rule. When the Medici power reclaimed Florence Machiavelli was arrested for conspiracy he was tortured and then banished from FlorenceRead MoreAnalysis Of Niccolï ¿ ½ Machiavelli858 Words   |  4 PagesNiccolà ² Machiavelli, shared the qualities that he believed a strong leader should have in order to run a successful government in a piece of writing called The Prince. In this book, Machiavelli lists the main ideas or rules that a leader should follow in order to maintain his principality or government. For centuries, governments have been influenced by the political views that he shares in his manuscript. Even in the United States of America, his teachings impact the way that the government is run

Great Expectations A Character-Driven Novel Free Essays

The novel, Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens is heavily a character-driven novel due to the fact that the sequence of events in the novel are causes and effects of the actions of the characters as well as the interactions between them. The novel mainly depicts the growth and development of an orphan named Pip, who is greatly influenced by the other characters and became a gentleman and a bachelor in the end of the novel through his encounters with the other characters. Pip, as the main character, definitely has a lasting impact on the drive of the novel since his decisions are very instrumental and effective towards the other characters as well as to himself. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Expectations: A Character-Driven Novel or any similar topic only for you Order Now This phenomenon applies to not only Pip, but to the other characters, especially Estella, Miss Havisham, Joe, and Abel Magwitch. Everything a character does and every encounter between the characters in Great Expectation has an effect on the flow of the plot and situation of the novel. Before the very beginning of the novel, the conflict of the novel is already set in motion. Pip is an orphan at the start of the novel as his parents were long gone and he lives with his sister, Mrs. Joe, and her husband, Joe, the blacksmith. As a result of the two siblings and the older sibling’s husband living together without any parents, the family was relatively poor. Thus, in addition to Mrs. Joe’s strict attitude and the fact that his status is in the lower class, Pip had a rough childhood. The fact that Pip had a childhood full of hardship and is poor sets up for his later decision to become a gentleman through a secret benefactor. When Pip do decides to leave for a new life in London, he upsets Biddy and especially Joe as he recently became an apprentice of his; their life-long friendship falls apart. This is one of the major decisions Pip has to make and it changed the entire course of the plot as the setting of the story shifts from Pip’s first known home in Kent to London since the novel follows where Pip goes and the direction of the story changes from Pip’s apprenticeship with Joe in blacksmithing to Pip’s new fortune of a career in a new place. If Pip had not been an orphan or lived with a poor family, the major plot would not have existed as Pip’s transformation to a gentleman is the key. Pip would never have met half the characters of the novel such as his best friend, Herbert, Jaggers, and Wemmick. The novel would be driven into a different direction. Dickens was able to produce a novel that makes sense and that reflects his view of what a â€Å"coming of age† novel would be like by making the main character a poor orphan from the start only to turn him into a wealthy gentleman later and then into a hardworking bachelor. Another beforehand affected character, who has a deep impact towards the novel’s state of conflict, is Miss Havisham as she is the mastermind behind Estella’s cold behavior and wants to get revenge on men just because one man, Compeyson, who is supposed to be her husband, left her on their wedding day before the start of the novel. This one particular major event of Miss Havisham’s life changed her life forever as she was heartbroken and turned into a crazy and vengeful woman. She has ever since lived in the moment when she got the note that her wedding with Compeyson was off as all her clocks stayed at the same time of that moment and she still wears her bridal clothing from back then. The fact that she got rejected by her future husband induced her to hate men in general, to never love them again, and to adopt a child for herself, which happens to be Estella, the long-lost child of Abel Magwitch and Molly. All of this leads to the intimidating duo of Estella and Miss Havisham at Satis House, whom Pip fears and terrorizes him for much of the better first part of the novel. Miss Havisham’s background story sets up for her influence on changing and manipulating the beautiful Estella’s life as well as Pip’s. Miss Havisham reveals that she has been giving orders to Estella to accomplish her goals for her as Estella is very attractive by acting dispassionate towards her suitors. During Pip’s meetings with Miss Havisham, Pip first thought of the idea of becoming a gentleman and leaving his poor life. When he is informed of a fortune that will due to be his, he thought his secret benefactor was Miss Havisham, so he became confident of her kindness and Estella’s hand in marriage. Miss Havisham drives the plot by giving Pip the idea to leave his first known home away from Joe, Mrs. Joe, and Biddy. In addition, she was thoroughly thought to be the secret benefactor of Pip throughout the novel until Magwitch revealed it was him. Later, Miss Havisham changes her personality and became a totally different person as she regrets the pain she had given Pip and it was assumed she attempted suicide by catching herself on fire, leading Pip to rescue her. This event also influenced Pip to realize that his great expectations are not very significant towards him, but human feelings. Thus, he thanks and prays for Miss Havisham’s well being and made up with Joe and Biddy for leaving them in the first place to be a gentleman. Also, Miss Havisham let Estella go free to do whatever she wants, so she married Drummle. However, she realizes that Drummle is not the man for her and after his death, she meets Pip and finally admits that she now sees that Pip has feelings of love for her. Dickens was once again clever to come up with such a disheartening background story for Miss Havisham that can explain her wild behavior and set up her personality change, which to a great extent affected the lives of Estella and Pip greatly. Another major instance of the plot being greatly influenced include Estella’s background story along with her secret connection to Magwitch and Molly. Estella is also an â€Å"orphan,† but not as the same extent to Pip because she was adopted by Miss Havisham and both of her parents were still alive at the start of the novel. Estella’s life changed when there was trouble between her two parents in the past as her mother, Molly, was accused of killing a woman over her real husband, Abel Magwitch, or Estella’s father. Molly was also accused of murdering her daughter, Estella, but she is clearly alive, so that clears up the accusation. Also, Jaggers defended Molly in court by saying she was too weak to strangle another person. Then, the family separated afterwards, which lead the three members of the family to different directions in their lives: Molly became Jagger’s housekeeper, Magwitch became an infamous convict, and Estella was adopted by Miss Havisham. All of these events wouldn’t have happened if Molly was a mentally unstable woman, who thought of murdering someone and had destroyed her own child unbeknownst to her husband. The family’s past leads them to their new personalities in the novel and were important characters that lead the buildup of the climax of Great Expectations. In conclusion, the novel, Great Expectations, has an outstanding â€Å"Literary Quality† as the course of the novel is greatly affected by the effects of character movement and their involvements with each other. There were many pieces in the novel that has led to an impactful shift towards the novel’s plot and conflict story with each and every character in the novel having some contributions towards it. How to cite Great Expectations: A Character-Driven Novel, Papers

Sources of Arbitration Rules

Question: Discuss about theSources of Arbitration Rules. Answer: Introduction The Chartered Institute of Arbitrators defines arbitration as settlement of disputes outside of court by a third party whose decision is binding.[1] Arbitration is a legal method of seeking redress in the sense that it is provided for by the law. The only difference is that awards are decided by arbitrators and not a court of law. There are also rules that regulate arbitration to ensure that it is just, fair and bears positive results. These rules dictate how parties relate and how the third parties interact with them. Sources of Arbitral Rules Arbitral rules are constructed in accordance with arbitrary law. Celik highlights that arbitrary law is characterized by confidentiality, freedom of choice and flexibility. Furthermore, she notes down sources of these laws[2] The Arbitration Act 1996[3] gives arbitration procedures independence from the courts. These means that the court only comes in to appointing arbitrators, enforce awards or when either party seeks to dispute the award given. Civil Procedure Rules[4] further dictate how courts handle civil cases. These rules, however, also provide guidelines on the involvement of courts in arbitrary cases. [5] UNCITRAL Model Rules for Arbitration[6] which the United Kingdom is party to. However, there are reservations on certain clauses. However, the New York Convention of 1958 on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards provides that awards be enforceable by High Courts of member countries. The UK is a party to this treaty hence these rules applies to arbitration. In further discussing these rules, Latham and Watkins introduce three institutions that are factored in a while choosing which rules to apply.[7] ICC[8], LCIA[9], and ICDR[10] are most favorable to apply since they are internationally recognized and also merge well with local laws. These institutions supervise arbitrary cases by receiving submissions, supervising appointment of the arbitrator/ tribunal and also addressing any upcoming issues with regards to the effectivity of the arbitrator. However, ICC has additional provisions[11] such as preparation of terms of reference inclusive of the claims, defenses, and relief being sought and an analysis of draft awards by their court before they can be awarded. These provisions protect the interests of both parties by ensuring that their tights are upheld. This, however, comes at an added cost. Bargaining Power of Parties In accessing fairness in arbitration, the parties are at liberty to decide together on their arbitrator, the rules they will apply, the place of arbitration and the language of arbitration. This ensures that each party is content and believes that their best interests have been considered. Equity and its principles factor in. For example, a court can remove an arbitrator that is deemed to be biased to one party.[12] In Copeley Ltd vs. Bingham Another[13] Cofely acted as an arbitrator on severally in proceedings where Knowles was one of the parties. These cases contributed to 25% of Cofelys incomes and where found in favor of the claimant. The court held that indeed there were doubts as to the independence of the arbitrator. This is because it seems that he could be in cahoots with the claimant to earn unfairly. Brazell and Paranavitane[14] highlight that principles of equity were applied to ensure confidentiality of information is upheld. This means that parties were able to hold arbitrators accountable if at all they breached any of the terms. Torts and equitable remedies provide the channel to seek redress even in arbitration. In arbitration, even he who has the superior bargaining advantage must act in the required manner if he stands a chance to win the case. This means that whether they can afford the best legal representation or the arbitration laws favour them, they must act in clean hands.[15] Conclusion In assessing which rules protect the minority from that which has higher bargaining power, there is no specific set of rules that directly speak to this. What is best is that both parties analyze which rules apply best to the issue in question, cater to their geographical mobility and financial constraints. This way, they will have knowledgeable and experienced arbitrators that understand their field and terminologies that apply. Ultimately, even the awards granted will be fair. Bibliography Brazell, L. and Paranavitane, V,.(May 2015) Protecting trade secrets under English law. Retrieved from https://www.osborneclarke.com/insights/Protecting-trade-secrets-under-English-law/ Celik, Michelle. Legal Information Management; Cambridge (Sep 2009): Sources of Arbitration Law. 199. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/div-class-title-sources-of-arbitration-law-div/B3D1E4C8BCAA171A909381D37132AB45 Chartered Institute of Arbitrators. What is Arbitration? (2016). Retrieved from https://www.ciarb.org/dispute-appointment-service/arbitration/what-is-arbitration Chartered Institute of Arbitrators. CIArb Arbitration Rules. Practice and Standards Committee. 1 December 2015. Retrieved from https://www.ciarb.org/docs/default-source/das/ciarb-arbitration-rules.pdf?sfvrsn=2 Latham Watkins. International Arbitration Practice: Guide to International Arbitration. Williams J, Lal, H Gump, H, R. Arbitration Procedures and Practices in the UK (England and Wales): overview. Global Practical Guide 2016/2017. Retrieved from global.practicallaw.com/arbitration-guide

How does Revolutionary Communism compare with Democratic Socialism

The Relationship between Households and Firms Essays

The Relationship between Households and Firms Essays The Relationship between Households and Firms Essay The Relationship between Households and Firms Essay Taxation ( T ) and Imports ( M ) . In Savings families wont be spent all the factors income received on the current or even immediate ingestion. Households besides prefer to maintain some for future or deferred ingestion. For illustration families make their economy in the signifier of sedimentations at fiscal establishments such as Bankss. Tax is where families have to pay to the authorities as revenue enhancements from their income. For illustration when family receive their rewards their will be a tax write-off column as their income revenue enhancement. Imports is where families willing to purchase goods and services from abroad instead than devouring domestically produced goods and services. An injection takes topographic point when there are motions of financess into the round flow of incomes. The three of import things in injection are Investments ( I ) , Government outgo ( G ) and Exports ( X ) . In Investments families saved income which was deferred ingestion there are subsequently invested back in the round flow/economy. In authorities outgos authorities use all the revenue enhancements received from families and so it s creates in flow of financess back into the round flow. For illustration authorities outgo includes route edifice, building and more. Government use the sum revenue enhancements which had collected from family to construct route, infirmary, edifices and other. In exports houses may sell some of their goods and services to foreign states. In the economic system outgo from the foreign states by aliens becomes an injection. 3.1 Withdrawals and Injections diagramUntitled.jpg 4.0 Entire Withdrawals equal with Entire Injectionsmmmm.jpg In the footings of the expanded handbill flow of the income theoretical account the province of equilibrium takes parts when the entire backdowns that occur in the economic system. It can be proven as: Savingss + Imports +Taxes = Investment + Government Spending + Exports OR S + M+T = I + G + X 5.0 Decision Families and houses has a really strong relationship where each and another can non be work with one. Households need rewards so they have to work for houses and houses need to bring forth goods and services, so they need family to work and besides purchase their goods and services. Question 2 1.0 Introduction The fluctuations in the degree of the economic sciences activities of a state over clip are frequently be the best illustrated by the Business Trade Cycles. Business trade rhythm is besides known as the periodic fluctuation in the rate of the economic activity as it been measured by degrees of employment, monetary values and besides production. 2.0 Body The four chief constructs in concern trade rhythms are full employment, unemployment, recession and rising prices. Full employment takes topographic point at the degree of economic activity when all available at factors of production are to the full utilised. In the concern trade rhythms, there is upward swings and besides downward swings. The periods of hardship are alternate with the periods of concern prosperity. Every roar is followed by a frailty versa and besides a slack. This concern trade rhythm is merely means that the whole class of trade or even concern activity which is base on ballss through all the stages of prosperity and besides hardship. 3.0 Business Trade Cycle Diagram mk.jpg 3.1 Phases in Business Trade Cycle Economists really divided the concern rhythms into two chief stages which is depression and recovery so roar and slack. Boom and slouch grade turning points in the rhythms. 3.1.1 Depression In this stage, the whole economic system will be in depression manner and the concern is at the lowest phase. Other than that the general buying power of the community is really low. In the productive activity, both production of consumer goods and the production of capital goods are at the low degree. There are some of the chief features in depression. Depression makes the sum of production and trade psychiatrists. It is besides increases unemployment and the overall monetary values become lessenings. All the net incomes and rewards lessenings and the income of the community autumn at a really low degree. Other than that aggregative outgo together with the effectual demand besides goes down. For illustration if a house having a new investing or replacing investing they will do it detain every bit long as they are possible to travel for it. Other than that in stock markets the monetary values of all portions and securities will be fallen to a really low degree. Even in practically al l the building activity no affair in edifices or machinery comes to an terminal. 3.1.2 Recovery Recovery is besides known as enlargement. In this stage the depression period comes to an terminal. In recovery stage all the economic state of affairss become favorable. As money become cheap it makes the other stuffs and besides factors of production easy and inexpensive. Here the aggregative demand becomes low aggregative supply. Other than that the productive activity besides has been increased and the enterprisers besides have sufficient fiscal backup. This makes the farther investing and production increased. For illustration when a building company ends all their undertakings in depression stage, now the same company will get down having orders and using more employees to make more income and employment. Last the whole economic system will be traveling faster towards the roar stage. 3.1.3 Boom Boom is besides known as peak stage and it is a turning point in trade rhythm. This stage is the highest point in economic recovery. In this stage there is a big figure of production and besides trade. There is besides a high degree of employment and besides the occupation chances in limited sum to allow a good trade of labour mobility. Aggregate Demand will be equal with Aggregate supply. Overall it makes the monetary values rise. Other so that it besides makes a lifting construction in involvement rates so so a bullish inclination regulations makes stock exchanges. For illustration when a building company starts to do more net income and inverse more the will better their concern and may necessitate more employees. So so it makes the company offer more employment and it besides makes the company get high degree of investing. 3.1.4 Recession Recession is the crisp slow down in the economic activity, but little different from depression which is more terrible and besides pronged downswing. Aggregate demand is low so aggregate supply. As the depression created the conditions of recovery, it is likewise and the roar conditions generate their ain cheques. All the idle factors have been employed and besides farther demand must raise their monetary values, but the quality is besides inferior. In this stage there should be less efficient workers which have been taken for higher rewards. The involvement rates will lift and besides other stuffs. Finally the costs have started to upward swing. 4.0 Decision Macroeconomicss is chiefly associate to the balance between Aggregate Demand and Aggregate supply in the whole economy/country. If the aggregative Demand becomes higher than Aggregate Supply the extra demand will be cause rising prices. If the aggregative Demand becomes lower than aggregative supply, so the deficient demand will do recession and unemployment. Question 4 1.0 Introduction In economic sciences, the individual who is able and besides willing to work but unable to happen a paying occupation is considered as unemployed. Unemployment divided into two which are long term and short term unemployment. Long term unemployment is by and large considered as the great societal immorality and short term unemployment is merely for a limited clip in the degree of cost. In long term the cost are really high which is non same with the short term where the cost are comparatively low. In short term many of them will lose some of their net incomes, although a few who receive the big redundancy payments may profit in financially from holding lost their occupation. 2.0 Body The cost of unemployment includes the fiscal cost, personal cost, social cost, economic cost and besides cost to the authorities. All the cost of unemployment is one of the large disadvantages where will do a really large jobs. Because of being unemployment, it is non merely impacting the individual as it is besides impacting the milieus of the unemployed individual. 2.1 Cost of unemployment 2.1.1 Fiscal Cost to the Unemployed Person This is one of the direct costs due to the lost in their net incomes, measured as the difference between the old pay and current unemployment benefits. One obvious cost is the loss of income which could be earned by the individual been in a occupation. Offset against this is the value of any benefits which could the worker might have and any value placed on the excess free clip which an unemployed individual has at his/her disposal. For most of the unemployed it is likely that they will be one of the net fiscal also-rans. For illustration when a individual now working for RM1500 wage for 8 hours and his friend working for RM2500 wage for 8 hours so he besides will get down to mensurate the differences and he will vacate his current occupation to acquire his friend occupation. At that clip he merely vacate his occupation without know whether there is still empty topographic points at his friend company or non. This state of affairs makes him to be unemployed for some clip and besides make him face troubles in fiscal affairs during that clip. 2.1.2 Personal Cost of being Unemployed The cost of unemployed is non finish until at that place. It is besides affect the self-pride and the spirit of the persons. The long clip as they are unemployed it may ensue in stress-related unwellnesss, societal jobs like smoke, intoxicant. Drugs, offense like petit larceny and serious and besides excess. For illustration when a individual is been unemployed for some clip he will decidedly experience depresses and he will get down to acquire himself into the societal jobs like smoke and taking drugs or intoxicant. Other than that their depression besides makes them perpetrate self-destruction and mental instability. Areas with high unemployment tend to go in run down status. Shops run down after their concern. Households do nt hold any trim money to look after their belongingss and besides their gardens. At last this makes the additions in hooliganism and farther destroys in the environment. 2.1.3 Social Cost of Unemployment Some of the grounds suggests that many of the unemployed people and their households suffer in a figure ways. As thirster they are unemployed the higher it affects their households and friends. This state of affairs leads to the domestic force and separation, abandoned families/children and besides excess. For illustration, in a household when the hubby has been unemployed for long clip so the household will be holding troubles in fiscal affair. He will be holding troubles to gain money, purchase food markets, even he can non back up for his kids surveies besides. This makes the hubby and married woman have misunderstand and eventually its terminal with separation and divorce. 2.1.4 Economic Cost due to lost of national output/growth. In the existent lose to the whole economic system foremost there is the loss of all the end product which those workers now unemployed could hold been produced if they been in work and the economic system had been produced more goods and services which would had been available for the ingestion. Other than that there are the societal cost like additions in force and depression which are borne by the unemployed and besides the communities in which they live. 2.1.5 Costss to the Government In one manus, authorities has to pay out higher benefits and on the other manus, authorities losingss gross because all those workers would hold paid revenue enhancements if they had been employed. At last taxpayers non merely pay more revenue enhancements to cover the authorities disbursement, they besides have to pay high because they have to do up the revenue enhancements that all the unemployed would hold been paid if they had been in work. 3. 0 Decision Cost of unemployment consequence all the portion of a individual life and besides to the state economic system and authorities. To cut down unemployment in society people should make earlier readying or should be good organized about their bearer and nest eggs. Question 5 1.0 Introduction The causes of being unemployment will greatly vary harmonizing to the state of affairs whether the individual is working or non. Unemployment can be go on even the individual is presently working, yet had given signal to halt working in some company for some ground. Sometimes it can be voluntary with the individual s pick to go unemployed. 2.0 Body The causes of unemployment can be divided into two major classs which is equilibrium and disequilibrium unemployment. There are five types of unemployment in equilibrium unemployment and three types in disequilibrium unemployment. 3.0 Equilibrium Unemployment Equilibrium Unemployment is where can be caused because of people who are economically independent or the rewards are excessively low for therefore people do nt experience the demand to be employed. 3.1 The causes of Equilibrium/Natural Unemployment 3.1.1 Frictional ( hunt ) Unemployment It occurs during people leave their occupations like resign voluntarily, made redundant and besides those temporarily unemployed while they are looking for a new occupation. Sometimes employers may be non offering their occupation to the first that applied, as they will seek for other campaigners. This unemployment takes topographic point when both parties do non hold the perfect cognition as they move from one occupation to another. It is cause of stationariness factor which is geographical and occupational stationariness. Geographic stationariness is where labor is unable to relocate to the occupation and occupational stationariness is where labour unable to execute their occupation because of deficiency of cognition, accomplishment or even see For illustration the unemployed will happen a better offer without accepting the first offer. 3.1.2 Structural Unemployment It takes portion when all the construction of economic system alterations caused by spread outing industries sing growing when other industries are undertaking and besides necessitate to cut down their demand for the labor. This unemployment takes portion because of the alteration in the demand form, which is cause by a alteration in gustatory sensation, manner or even competition from replacements such as produced by other domestic industries or from the imported options. For illustration, there is no more usage and stylish to have on the pelt or the diminution in the coal excavation industry, so so consumers displacement to alternate beginning of fuel. 3.1.3 Technological Unemployment Returns portion when the technological advantages resulted in the labour salvaging proficient advancement that allow all the same degree of end product to be produced with lesser units of labor. It is besides frequently caused by the structural employment during the alterations of method in production. The current employee will go excess because of technological unemployment. 3.1.4 Regional Unemployment The structural unemployment which takes portion within the peculiar part will be doing regional unemployment. For illustration when the diminution in coal excavation industry takes portion it makes the diminution in the coal excavation at the whole part. 3.1.5 Seasonal Unemployment Takes portion during the demand for labour alterations harmonizing to the clip period. For illustration for a fisherman can non travel to sea if there is rainy/monsoon season, a tourer usher will merely hold work during school vacations or off-peak season and so husbandmans will be unemployed during non-harvesting or monsoon/rainy months. 4.0 Disequilibrium Unemployment Disequilibrium Unemployment is where normally due to the infliction of the minimal pay Torahs by the authorities which is means there will be higher demand for occupations so the supply. 4.1 The Causes of Disequilibrium Unemployment 4.1.1 Real Wage Unemployment Returns portion when the trade brotherhoods use their monopoly power to demand pay phase higher than the market phase or even when the authorities sets the national lower limit pay phase higher than the market equilibrium. This can be besides known as disequilibrium unemployment. The rewards will be besides falls down and could be caused by minimal rewards, or the trade brotherhoods. 4.1.2 Growth in Labour Supply Unemployment Takes portion during the labour supply go higher without any associated addition in the demand for the labor will do of the equilibrium pay phase to fall below the mean existent pay rate. If the existent pay rate is gluey downwards so the disequilibrium unemployment will takes topographic point. 4.1.3 Cyclic Unemployment. This unemployment goes manus in manus with the concern rhythm. As the GDP go higher so the lower will be the cyclical unemployment at the extremum of the concern rhythm and so the frailty versa is besides true when the economic system is in the trough of the concern rhythm. During this clip the houses will be maintain the same degrees of employment and besides end product to construct up their stocks, but it will finally cut back production, ensuing in the unemployment. Once the state economic system out of the recession, so it starts to retrieve, so the employment rates will be starts to lift as the spread between existent end product and the possible end product narrows one time once more. For illustration in a recession when the aggregative demand falls so there will be a autumn in the end product, and hence houses will be employ less workers because they are bring forthing less goods. 5.0 Decision Other than these causes, there are besides other causes excessively, particularly for immature alumnuss. For illustration when a grade alumnus when a occupation with the basic pay of RM 1500, it will do him/she non satisfied with the rewards compared with their surveies. So so they will make up ones mind to happen another occupation. This makes them go unemployed boulder clay they find the rite and best suit occupation for them. As the causes of being unemployed is higher people and authorities should be more watchful and they besides should cognize the disadvantages of being unemployed.

Las Vegas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Las Vegas - Essay Example As the research stresses constantly updated society has become an icon of the American modern metropolitan experience that demonstrates, through its complex combination of theme park and city, how the spaces and practices of the metropolis have consistently shaped our modern experiences and culture. This paper declares that to remain a national attraction to the greatest possible number of consumers, hotels are quickly changed from one form of entertainment to another, from the glamorous settings of the gangster era to the family-oriented theme-hotels of the 1980s to the more sophisticated flair of the latest ideas represented in the Bellagio, an entire hotel devoted to luxury and the pampering of the cultured adult. This concentration on the new helps visitors to the city buy further into the concept of consumer spending, insisting they must participate in the latest events, gamble at the latest hotel/casino and be seen in the latest locations. It is this rapidly changing climate, as well, that Simmel suggests creates an atmosphere in which man must â€Å"react with his head instead of his heart† as the only means by which he can survive the constant sudden shifts in impressions. That the surrounding culture has bought into this concept of constant change and adaptation is evidenced in the speed with which individuals, including superstars like Brittany Spears, make life-changing decisions.

Cornish Villages 4G Trial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Cornish Villages 4G Trial - Essay Example It is the aim of the Government to establish the best superfast broadband network in Europe by 2015 (BIS, 2010), and to meet the EC target for all citizens to have access to basic level of broadband of 2 Mbps by 2013 (EC, 2010). The wireless technology is envisioned to best benefit the ‘notspots’, or internet blackspots that cannot be reached by the traditional fibre-optic cable networks, since the 4G network relies on satellite dishes and the mobile phone network (McDonnell, 2011). The following discussion shall treat on the technical aspects, the social and user background, and the legal and policy frameworks that support and impact upon the UK broadband connectivity project. 2. Technical Background 4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards in the telecommunications industry, next to the 2G and 3G technologies. What the technology comprises exactly is difficult to define, and for a long time before the true 4G technology existed, its forerunners (LTE & WiMAX) were marketed as 4G. For instance, 4G has been described ‘as having peak speed requirements†¦ at 100 Mpbs for high mobility communication (such as from trains and cars) and 1 Gbps for low mobility communication (such as pedestrians and stationary users,’ which definition, however, has been observed to applying to two technologies in particular. The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) stated that the term 4G may also apply to its forerunners (LTE & WiMAX) and evolved 3G (HSPA+), which enabled said technologies to advertise themselves as 4G (Broadband Expert, 2011). Most of the networks that currently support 4G capability are backed by LTE (referring to Long Term Evolution) technology, particularly in the US and being introduced in the UK. This technology is theoretically rated to have a maximum download speed of 300 Mbps and top upload speed of 75 Mbps. In the US where LTE networks are in use, however, one can realistically expect download s peed to be within 6 and 12 Mbps due to simultaneous user traffic. The other technology, WiMAX, is currently used by US carrier Sprint and others, but is not planned to be used in the UK. According to Sprint, WiMAX is capable of real world download speed of between 3 and 6 Mbps. WiMax has a theoretical top download speed of 128 Mbps and 56 Mbps for upload speed (Broadband Expert, 2011). HSPA+, the evolved 3G which now markets as 4G technology, presents itself as a quick and easy, cost-effective near term solution for upgrading presently existing 3G networks. It is much slower than LTE, with theoretical top download speed of 21 Mbps and realistic speeds from 2 Mbps to 4 Mbps (Broadband Expert, 2011). More recently, the advanced versions of WiMAX and LTE have emerged in the market, which both have theoretical capability of 1 Gbps download (ISPreview, 2011). As implied by the differences between theoretical and real world speeds, nearly all broadband services suffer from highly variable speeds. The current range of download speed in the UK is between 1 and 2 Mbps. There are several advantages, in present-day 4G broadband technology, though. ‘Mobile Broadband is often described as being the only real alternative to fixed line services because it has the advantage of being both affordable and widely available, from almost anywhere, to a significant portion of the UK population’

Refer to other instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Refer to other instructions - Essay Example Subsequent to the closure of the first generation P2P networks, other companies, like Gnutella, entered the fray. Gnutella is a P2P network that operates by means of proxy servers. This network permits its subscribers to be anonymous. These types of networks are less vulnerable to legal action. Freenet functions as a parallel network to the Internet. It has all the feature of a P2P network, and it was developed on the P2P network technology. In this technology, the required information or data is not stored on servers at permanent locations. The information is delivered to the user only when the user demands the information. The subscribers to this network can therefore act anonymously; and the flow of data or content cannot be tracked (Dong, Li and Chen). The present Internet Service Providers or ISPs are not providing sufficient protection to the content that is stored on the servers. Similarly, the ISPs are not safeguarding the interests of the users of the internet. Even the most famous and well established internet based companies are not respecting the rights of the users. There are several cases against these companies on the charges of copyright infringements. One such company is Yahoo, which blatantly ignores the rights of the internet users. Similarly, there are a number of infringements of music industry’s rights on the internet. In order to address this problem, the WIPO had provided several guidelines, in its Treaties in the year 1996 (Kennedy). The music industry is losing its legitimate revenues due to this illegal downloading of music through the internet. At present, the music industry is the largest loser. In the future, the new budding music stars would publish their music works on the internet and make it available for the general public, without any cost, in the hope of gaining fame (Seifert and Hadida). At the moment

Work life balance for working women

Work life balance for working women ACKNOWLEDGEMENT No body in this world is perfect in the field of study on researches every body needs to be guides and supervised by some experienced and intelligent people. It is my proud privilege to express my profound gratitude to my respectable guides and teachers. I am also very thankful Ms.Manbeer Kaur Gill Lecturer in L.I.M. her able supervision in Valuable guidance and sympathetic attitude enabled me to undertake the work of this term paper. Introduction: An integral part of our lives is our profession. Just as there is responsibility and opportunity in life, our careers are also guided by opportunities and responsibilities. We must ensure that these two factors dont work at cross purposes. Quality of life is something we all covet. Having said this, every profession affects life in general and every profession has a duty towards life. The point I am trying to make is that balance should guide all our activities, including our professions. A satisfied and motivated work force will act more responsibly, not only towards its professional requirements, but also towards nature in general. One of the many ways to instill this sense of motivation is to put in place the concept ofWork Life Balancein the workplace. Work Life Balance (WLB) is not a new concept. The change in the pattern of work and the concept of the workplace after the industrial revolution in the second half of the 18th century, gave a new dimension to the concept of WLB. As time progressed, nuclear families increased. A later change was the fading away of the â€Å"ideal home† in which the earning members spouse took care of the home. With improved education and employment opportunities today, most homes are ones in which both parents work, because of necessity and the desire to augment incomes. The need to create congenial conditions in which employees can balance work with their personal needs and desires became a factor that companies had to take note of both to retain them as well as to improve productivity. It was a compulsion that they couldnt afford to ignore. Having realized that, companies started introducing schemes to attract and retain employees and improve their productivity. However it is not easy to find many references to Work-Life Balance policies and issues in India. This is not to discount their existence in the country, but it does indicate its relative unimportance as a strategic business issue in the country. It is indeed hurting to see a majority of Indian companies still wedded to the old style presenters philosophy instead of offering managers opportunities to strike a healthy Work-Life Balance. Why Work life Balance is important to women Todays career women are continually challenged by the demands of full-time work and when the day is done at the office, they carry more of the responsibilities and commitments at home. When I conducted a recent, I discovered that the majority of women are working 40-45 hours per week and 53% of the respondents report that they are struggling to achieve work/life balance. Women report that their lives are a juggling act that includes multiple responsibilities at work, heavy meeting schedules, business trips, on top of managing the daily routine responsibilities of life and home. â€Å"Successfully achieving work/life balance will ultimately create a more satisfied workforce that contributes to productivity and success in the workplace.† History The expression was first used in the late 1970s to describe the balance between an individuals work and personal life. In theUnited States, this phrase was first used in 1986. Over the past twenty-five years, there has been a substantial increase in work which is felt to be due, in part, by information technology and by an intense, competitive work environment. Long-term loyalty and a â€Å"sense of corporate community† have been eroded by a performance culture that expects more and more from their employees yet offers little security in return. Many experts predicted that technology would eliminate most household chores and provide people with much more time to enjoy leisure activities; but many ignore this option, encouraged by prevailing consumeristculture and a political agenda that has â€Å"elevated the work ethic to unprecedented heights and thereby reinforced the low value and worth attached to parenting†. Work-life balance Can women be both sharers and careers often, working women drop out of the work force when they are doing well, simply because they wanted to stay at home with their children, or care for an ageing parent. Or for both reasons. And then there are women who have children later in life because they want to work for reasons of personal satisfaction or for the money. So, can a woman have it all? The working woman should refuse to take on too much. She should adopt a sense of priorities. If she has children, she should teach them to share responsibilities. But what about the husband? Has he changed at all anywhere in the world? Surprisingly, a survey in the UK revealed that a majority of men want a 50/50 partnership with their wives both at work and home. They no longer see themselves as macho men. They want to spend more time with their children. Has the Indian man kept pace with the times? Can women achieve a work-life balance? The changing Equations of New Era The Changing Equations The Machine Age The Industrial Age The Networked Age Stress High Higher Highest Work- Life balance You went to work-life started only when you go home Not only are people working at work, but also at home 24-hour workdays split into compartments dedicated for ‘life Women and Work The men worked and women tended the house Both men and women worked, and women still tended the house Both men and women work and tend to the house. Microsoft Corporation(NASDAQ:MSFT,HKEX:4338) is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of softwareproducts for computing devices.Headquartered inRedmond,Washington, USA, its most profitable products are theMicrosoft Windowsoperating systemand theMicrosoft Officesuite of productivity software. The company was founded in 1975, to develop and sellBASICinterpretersfor theAltair 8800. Microsoft rose to dominate thehome computeroperating system market withMS-DOSin the mid-1980s, followed by theWindowsline of operating systems. Many of its products have achieved near-ubiquity in thedesktop computermarket. One commentator notes that Microsofts original mission was â€Å"a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software.†[Microsoft possesses footholds in other markets, with assets such as theMSNBCcable television network, theMSNInternet portal, and theMicrosoft Encartamultimedia encyclopedia. The company also markets bothcomputer hardwareproducts such as theMicrosoft mouseas well ashome entertainmentproducts such as theXbox,Xbox 360,ZuneandMSN TV.The companys initial public stock offering(IPO) was in 1986; the ensuing rise of the companys stock price has made four billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees.. Throughout it s history the company has been thetarget of criticism, includingmonopolisticbusiness practices and anti-competitive strategies includingrefusal to dealandtying. TheU.S. Justice Departmentand theEuropean Commission, among others, have ruled against Microsoft for variousantitrustviolations accordingly in todays political-cultural climate ofmixed economiesand â€Å"public interest of society†. Literature Review The most recent data suggest that employment growth in the first half of this decade has been rapid among urban women. In this edition of Macroscan, C. P. Chandrasekhar and Jayati Ghosh investigate the changing patterns of womens paid work in urban India. In the era of globalisation, it has become commonplace to argue that trade openness in particular generates processes that encourage the increased employment of women, particularly in export-oriented activities. In addition, development in general and higher per capita incomes are supposed to lead to more employment in services and shifts from unpaid household work to paid work, which also involve more paid jobs for women workers. Data from the recent large sample employment survey of the NSSO would appear to provide confirmation of this perception. Work participation rates of women workers have increased in 2004-05, not only in comparison with 1999-2000 when they had fallen sharply, but also in comparison to a decade earlier. However, this process needs to be considered in more detail to see whether it is indeed the positive process outlined above. Since this is meant to be much more marked in the urban areas, this article is concerned with changes in employment patterns of urban women workers in India. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Primary data Sampling I visited the Microsoft office and interviewed women employees. I put few questions and I got mixed reactions from different employees. Some women employees were looking quite satisfied. Where as other were feeling quite hectic with their schedule. Working mothers have to manage their time more efficiently then other Women employees. But in this corporate world pressure life have become very common thing and I observed that most of the women employees managed their time more efficiently than men. Secondary data Secondary data is the data on which the research already has been done. It is as follow.. Women Executives on Work/Life Balance: Flexibility, Networks, Outside Interests â€Å"Its very hard coming right out of business school to achieve work/life balance,† said Carol A. Schafer, a managing director in Wachovia Securities Equity Capital Markets group who also spent 17 years at JP Morgan. â€Å"You want to be able to work for an organization that sets you up for work/life balance in the future, one that respects personal life, personal time, has a good mentoring organization a good womens organization.† A first-year associate cant tell an employer, â€Å"Here I am. Im great. Im smart, and I demand work/life balance,† Schafer noted, but â€Å"its pretty achievable over time.† She added that work performance is critical, especially at a careers start, and will pay off with greater lifestyle flexibility. â€Å"If you really want to be there for the long haul, have good opportunities presented to you, be able to achieve work/life balance over time and move around to get a broad experience, youve got to be a consistently good performer. Thats what gives you leverage. Become indispensable and everybody [will] want you to be a part of their network. Its what opens all the doors.† Data analysis interpretation: According to the data collected I have analyzed that work-life balance is very important for a working women. Because she has to manage her home and work life. So it become more important to manage it more efficiently then her counterpart i.e. male employees. By the above data I found that Microsoft as an employer doing quite well to keep their women employees motivated and satisfied as far as home and work-life is concerned. Most percent of them were satisfied with their present timings and shifts and few of them were looking dissatisfied but again the percentages of them were low. Conclusion Conclusion for working women, getting caught in the work/life balance trap will continue to be an ongoing challenge. Careful planning and personal effort is the advice from those who have found balance in both career and home life. As one respondent summarized, â€Å"Plan, prioritize and schedule as efficiently as possible and dont be afraid of hard work!† Work-life balance is a persons control over the conditions in their workplace. It is accomplished when an individual feels dually satisfied about their personal life and their paid occupation. It mutually benefits the individual, business and society when a persons personal life is balanced with his or her own job. The work-life balance strategy offers a variety of means to reduce stress levels and increase job satisfaction in the employee while enhancing business benefits for the employer. In our increasingly hectic world, the work-life strategy seeks to find a balance between work and play. A sentence that brings the idea of work life balance to the point is: â€Å"Work to live. Dont live to work.† Suggestions In my opinion there should be There should be feasible timings for the women employees, night shifts should be discouraged. Job location for them should be according to their preference so that, they can manage their home life as well. There should stringent norms for the women employees who face discrimination at work place. There should be more transparency for women employees as far as appraisals and promotions are concerned. References http://balancing-career-mothering.suite101.com/article.cfm/strategies_for_work_life_balanc http://www.fastcompany.com/blog/fast-company-staff/fast-company-blog/how-working-mothers-find-worklife-balance http://balancing-career-mothering.suite101.com/article.cfm/strategies_for_work_life_balanc

Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie :: Free Essay Writer

Tennessee William's The Glass Menagerie Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one. -- Albert Einstein. The most important theme in The Glass Menagerie is the difficulty people have in accepting and relating to reality. As a result of their inability to overcome this difficulty, the characters withdraw into a private world of illusion to find the comfort they can’t find in real life. Out of the three Wingfield family members, Laura probably is the one living furthest away from reality. There are several symbols in the play that represent that in some way. Her glass collection that she carefully takes care of, is the imaginary world she lives in to escape the real live where she doesn’t finish high school, fails typing class, and doesn’t have any â€Å"gentlemen callers† like her mother expects her to. Another symbol for Laura’s personality is â€Å"Blue Roses†, the nickname Jim gives her in high school. Blue roses are, although beautiful, not real and can’t be found in nature, what refers to Laura’s uniqueness but also to her very own, special beauty that lies beyond her differentness and inability to live in reality. Overall, Laura is a very important character, because the whole story is basically about her (Tom tells us) and she also is the one who is most concerned with the play’s theme of withdrawing fr om reality. At first sight Tom seems to be the only one in the Wingfield family who is capable of functioning in the real world, interacting with strangers, and holding down a job to finance his mother and sister. But he also, withdraws into his illusions to abscond the never-ending conflicts with his mother and his frustration about his monotone, meaningless life. During the play, Tom often mentions â€Å"the movies† he’s going to all the time, which represent his attempt to escape all this and to give him the illusion of adventure. The same goes for the fire escape to where Tom often withdraws whenever the â€Å"fire† of conflict and arguing with Amanda gets to hot. Tom's attitude toward his sister puzzles the reader, since even though he clearly cares for her, he is frequently indifferent and even cruel. Not once in the play does he behave kindly or lovingly toward Laura, not even when he knocks down her glass menagerie. Laura on the other side is the only character who, despite the selfishness that characterizes the Wingfield family, never does anything to hurt anyone else.